School Nurse Roles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

School Nurse Roles - Research Paper Example Truth be told, just 93 (22.63%) respondents out of 411 were not nurture yet they were somehow in the united wellbeing calling. Some were all the while chipping away at their accreditation in nursing or have a college degree in united wellbeing sciences . Additionally, the study seems to have drawn a greater interest rate in littler locale with 1-4 schools in the region (47.32 %). The inquiries were sent through IASN list serv which came to more than 625 individuals. After breaking down the information , it was amazing to discover that out of 409, respondents just 52.81% of the schools in the area have a Registered Nurse. This is very upsetting since certain schools in the area have enlistment rates as large as 40,000 understudies. As recently referenced, the schools in the littler areas were much more set up with RN than those schools having a place with bigger locale. Additionally, a large portion of the school medical attendants are likewise liable for different schools in a similar area. In addition, the vast majority of the schools have just 1 RN with no wellbeing assistant (CNA) to help the attendant. Albeit some have CNAs to help them, others have just secretaries or representatives to help the clinical staff . Tragically, even the aides chip away at low maintenance premise and perform various jobs in the school as well The review likewise uncovered that littler locale have significantly a greater number of medical caretakers than those of schools in bigger areas.

Administrative Progressivism in Relation to Online Learning

Conceptual Administrative progressivism as the instructive way of thinking might be applied in internet considering. This end is drawn out of various variables which point at the comparable objectives and want to arrive at accomplishment in instructing understudies. Notwithstanding, because of contrasts in the perspectives to control of students’ information, the blend of the learning style and instructive way of thinking viable may prompt more terrible learning results for students.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Administrative Progressivism in Relation to Online Learning explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction Education is basic in human life as individuals have comprehended its worth. There are many ways to deal with instruction and perspective on its turn of events. A few methods of reasoning of training are new, others are more established however their utilization in the cutting edge arrangement of instruction focuses that their tendency is to make a meriting individual from the general public who has figured out how to get great information, is educated, law based, impartial, and others conscious. Alongside various ways to deal with the training, there are a great deal of specific types of realizing which might be picked relying upon understudies needs. The principle thought of the conversation is to consider web based gaining from the viewpoint of regulatory progressivism with distinguishing the points of interest and impediments of utilizing the referenced methodology alongside the picked technique for study. Internet Learning Online learning is a specific method of realizing when understudies don't need to leave their places in the event that they need to get information. Internet learning permits understudies utilize the data from everywhere throughout the world. Having got the entrance to various worldwide databases, understudies should understand books and study logical works which might be ac cessible just in different nations. At the point when understudies allude to web based learning as the method of getting information, they feel significance in correspondence and offering their observations to one another. It has been demonstrated that the accomplishment of understudy learning relies upon the structure of the course alongside the sort of the appraisal (Armstrong, 2011). Understudies give a lot of consideration to online appraisal as they accept that the absence of need to sit in class under the immediate oversight of an educator causes them to feel better. Furthermore, those understudies who apply to web based learning have a chance to proceed with their ordinary exercises and being understudies at very much the same time. Considering the principle need of web based learning the likelihood to get to classes from any spot of the world is to be referenced. One ought not decline from anything, it is only imperative to have an impediment. Understudies can structure thei r investigation time as indicated by their longing, anyway they are not to overlook that being all day, every day class accessibility doesn't mean a similar degree of accessibility of instructors and different understudies. Moreover, to partake in this kind of learning, understudies are to know about the mechanical developments and other explicit projects essential for getting through this class (Nagel, Maniam, Leavell, 2011).Advertising Looking for exposition on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Administrative Progressivism is the specific instructive way of thinking which primary thought is canvassed in the accompanying. Progressivism is where directions and educational program depend on the students’ needs, interests and the degree of information. Understudies are aimed at learning stills which will be essential for them while learning the subjects as opposed to coordinating understudies at examining the s ubject. Understudies are effectively connected with that advances disclosure and imagination while considering. Social important topics are raised while concentrating to ensure that this specific way of thinking of training advances â€Å"values of network, participation, resistance, equity and fair equality† (Labaree, 2005, p. 277). The fundamental focal points of the authoritative progressivism are that this way of thinking of training bolstered the severe structure and overseeing of instruction alongside center around the executives of the degree of information understudies get (Labaree, 2005). Contentions possibly in support of Using Administrative Progressivism in Relation to Online Learning Having considered the favorable circumstances and impediments of the web based learning and the idiosyncrasies of the managerial dynamic instructive way of thinking, it might be presumed that regulatory progressivism preferably fits the web based learning. Supporting the organized le arning and exacting overseeing of students’ achievement, web based learning surmises steady and normal appraisal as there is no another likelihood to check what students’ have accomplished. Documentation of the outcomes is significant as just based on these outcomes understudies have a chance to evaluate by and by the degree of information and to expand them if conceivable. Moreover, regulatory progressivism is focused on inventiveness is contemplating and improving aptitudes which may help think about the subject. This is actually what internet contemplating does as educators can't show understudies the subject, they can just to assist understudies with getting the right stuff understudies are to have to learn subjects themselves. The inventiveness is significant while web based considering advertisements there is no comparative wellspring of data and each time understudies discover something new they are to consider the utilization of data themselves, there are no ed ucators who are going to help them. In any case, managerial progressivism surmises direct oversight of educators over understudies which is unthinkable because of the way that internet learning is progressively singular kind of considering. All in all, it ought to be expressed that web based learning as the method of instructing might be utilized with the managerial progressivism because of the similitudes in ways to deal with training. The similitudes in the thought of the style of educating, utilization of inventiveness and course as showing abilities how to get familiar with the subject as opposed to instructing the subject are the primary favorable circumstances. Be that as it may, regulatory progressivism bolsters solid oversight over understudies which is difficult to do online with the exception of expanding the quantity of tests and different evaluations. In any case, this may prompt an excessive amount of pressure associated with steady evaluation and which is considered as inappropriate.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Administrative Progressivism in Relation to Online Learning explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reference List Armstrong, D. A. (2011). Students’ view of web based learning and instructional devices: A subjective investigation of college understudies utilization of online apparatuses. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology †TOJET, 10(3), 222-226. Labaree, D. F. (2005). Progressivism, schools and schools of instruction: An American Romance. Paedagogica Historica, 41(12), 275â€288. Nagel, S., Maniam, B., Leavell, H. (2011). Upsides and downsides of online training for instructors and understudies. Global Journal of Business Research, 11(6), 136-142. This paper on Administrative Progressivism in Relation to Online Learning was composed and put together by client Lana Hernandez to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Emotional Labour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Enthusiastic Labor - Essay Example Likewise, they additionally utilize natural setting concerning connections and physical area to provoke feeling. Then again, men rely upon the inner physiological changes to get to how they feel and decide the suitable emotion. Emotional work is the administration of sentiments by representatives while giving associations administration and is required to show some arrangement of feelings which are either verbal or nonverbal with the sole reason for instigating explicit sentiments and reactions to those whom the administration is being rendered. In this manner, workers are relied upon to utilize their feelings to impact the enthusiastic condition of others (Glomb &Tews, 2004). This idea came to fruition in 1983 by a humanist by the name Arlie Hochschild who made the term ‘emotional labour’. She portrayed the exercises that workers do that are past mental or physical obligations (Hochschild, 1983). This implies workers demonstrating a real worry for the requirements of clients. This incorporates grinning, shaking customers’ hands while welcoming clients just as looking while at the same time offering types of assistance to customers ( Jansz and Timmers, 2002). Organizations ought to consistently put key significance on administration direction to both the outer clients, coworkers and inward customers also (J.A and Feidman, 1996). At the point when workers face customers when they are furious or when they are upsetting, enthusiastic work can be testing since it is hard to conceal feelings and keep on grinning in any event, when getting negative criticism.

Teaching Status Report :: Dunn Middle School Education Teaching Essays

Training Status Report I can't accept my time at Dunn Middle School is reaching a conclusion. It at last hit me over Thanksgiving break that in under about fourteen days I won't make the day by day pass through Trenton to see my 6th graders. What is all the more stunning is the means by which upset I am about it. I sincerely didn't figure I would become so connected to specific understudies yet when I believe that I will get the opportunity to see their appearances every day I get truly discouraged. I consider part being an educator is having the option to keep a specific good ways from the understudies so connection doesn't happen, I unmistakably neglected to do that my first time around. Other than managing the sentiment of approaching misfortune, JPE is as yet going truly well. Since my last report I have completed my unit plan and I have been watched. I am as yet instructing science however I base the vast majority of my exercises from the course book and here and there my coordinating instructor will show a thing or two in the event that he feels it is a troublesome idea to grasp. During the science area of the square time frame, I fill in as a one-on-one mentor and slave driver so Mr. Williamson can proceed with the science exercise without getting diverted. My collaborating instructor and I have an ideal relationship. He never offends me yet he never lets me feel alone with the understudies. I was unable to have requested a superior coordinating instructor, I am going to miss Mr. Williamson too. What's more, my definitive side is gradually improving. I think ordinary I deal with the class. I think this control was exemplified when we had a substitute instructor for the subsequent time. The first run through the class had a substitute educator they were wild, they basically wouldn't hear me out. Nonetheless, the second time there was a substitute I took control from the earliest starting point of class and kept the understudies occupied and centered the entire class time frame. My participating instructor was intrigued that the understudies were so polite for a substitute educator. I think the contrast between these two occasions was my proceeded with power over the class all through the whole time frame and the measure of work I doled out.

Book Summary Essay - 275 Words

Book Summary (Essay Sample) Content: Running Head: BOOK SUMMARYBook SummaryNameTutorInstitutionDateBook SummaryThe New Guidebook for Pastors by Bryant, James W., and Mac Brunson This is a useful book explaining the major facets applied in pastoral ministry. The chapters of the book can be read separately and interpreted differently. The idea is to equip and educate both new and seasoned pastors so that they can achieve their pastoral goals. It also sticks to the requirements of a local church without targeting a particular Christian group. From the beginning, the authors state that pastorate is basically a call and therefore should never be treated as a profession. Examples of how prophets Jeremiah and Isaiah were called by God are also given (Bryant Mac, 2007). It would be a major requirement for those called to practice their duty by preparing for the journey both spiritually and educationally.A pastor is always expected to pray and overcome all forms of temptations and be able to guide his flock wel l. He has to be a man who prays frequently both in public and at home. All the chapters offer valid explanations and issues to be observed by all pastors. The issues of family life and being a pastor have been discussed in chapter five. It shows how the family should be handled while handling Gods work. This is necessary because families can lead to failure or success of an individual as a pastor (Bryant Mac, 2007). Other issues discussed include leadership in Church. The issue of congressional ministry has also been widely discussed in the book. For instance, the authors examine how issues such as evangelism, use of technology, baptism, wedding, funerals and counseling should be handled by pastors.The other chapters of the book give the significance of ethical and moral issues especially when handling finances, development matters, and anything else political. It also guides pastors on how to manage relationships with other people and how they should plan for their retirement. The book closes by reminding pastors how they should account for all their work to God. According to the book, God will judge people by their hearts. It is therefore necessary for pastors to fight well and retain their faith in Him (Bryant Mac, 2007). Readers will therefore find this book practical because of the testimonies given in the beginning of the chapters.Preventing Ministry Failure by Michael Wilson and Brad Hoffmann This is a useful book because it explains why ministry failure should be prevented. The first chapter reminds the reader that ministry is Gods work and should be given the necessary attention and commitment. It is through the ministry a minister will be able to reconnect with the reality of things. There are seven foundation stones to be followed to prevent any ministry from failing (Wilson Hoffmann, 2007). The first one is intimacy whereby one should share his ideas and ensure he practices successful pastoral work. The book addresses why many people tend to sab otage this requirement whenever in ministry work. Intimacy friendships are greatly encouraged in this book.The second requirement or foundation stone is to understand the calling and make sure one has not been falsely called or called himself. It also explains why this is very critical and how working without such a call can be very damaging and a possible cause of ministry failure. Ones calling can lead to ministry success. The other foundation is managing stress and avoiding any burnouts or ineffectiveness. The authors provide ministers with tools for set-diagnosis. It also provides helpful ideas and practical applications to prevent any form of emotional, relational, physical or spiritual stress (Wilson Hoffmann, 2007).The other requirement is making sure the most important issues or matters have been wisely protected by maintaining appropriate boundaries. The book helps pastors make the right boundaries between their work and friends, and also with God. As well, re-creation is another foundation for pastors to have the right energy to execute their ministerial duties more efficiently and effectively. There are also practical applications towards recreation such as recess, renewal and rest. The other foundation is having the right skills for ministry work. Pastoral work requires appropriate skills and positive personality traits. Such skills are important and help develop the right approach for ministering. Some assertive skills have also been given in the book. Finally, leadership skills are also needed in ministry (Wilson Hoffmann, 2007). It is necessary to understand the leadership style needed for ministerial work. For instance, the book discusses how a pastor can be transformative and come up with own plan for growth. This book is therefore useful towards successful ministerial work.The Attentive Life: Discerning Gods Presence in All Things by Leighton FordIn this book, Leighton Ford discusses how human beings can live attentively and discern the pre sence of God in everything around them. Having served for very many years with Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, Ford has been able to present appropriate examples towards living positively in God. The mission of his book is in becoming an artist of the soul. The book makes it possible for young people to invite God and Jesus in their lives so that He can lead them to the right path. According to the book, Jesus has hunger for all people and He is ready to heal and rescue them from all the pangs of the evil one (Ford, 2007). This book can therefore be a good companion for young believers and be able to acknowledge the presence of God in their lives.Also the book encourages believers to pray and respond accordingly to their daily routines. They should acknowledge and discern the presence of their creator all the time: during the day, in the morning, and even at night. Due to the challenges and experiences of man, it would be wise to pray so that God can guide us and give us the power we need to overcome all evils. Ford argues that every person is called by Christ to repent and live a life that has been patterned by him. Life should be drawn by enduring love. This can be achieved by ensuring that our outer and inner selves have been connected together with reflections of Christ (Ford, 2007). Our lives should not be shaped by our captive thoughts and expectations, or any form of inner compulsions, but instead be drawn by the love and peace in Christ. By doing so we will be able to prevent any form of inattentiveness and prevent fear of being the people we have been created to be. Os Guinness. The Call. (Nashville: Word Publishing, 1998).This book centers on the meaning of a call by God and how it should be understood. The author dismisses the notion that a call is an occupation or obligation. He terms calling as an understanding and experience from God whereby someone is given the duty by Him. It deals much with what we have to be than what we ought to do. T he book therefore gives the reader an understanding and clear knowledge of what a call entails and how those called can practically live in accordance with the call (Guinness, 1998).Using Biblical explanations, the author explores certain answers to make us understand the people we are and why God has called us. This book speaks to every person who has been called. According to the author, we were all created with a given purpose and therefore our duty is to understand this purpose and fulfill Gods requirement from us. The explanation given fits both the thinking of a non-believer and a believer as well (Guinness, 1998). The author gives life experiences and examples to explain his points and make the reader understand what his main argument. Guinness defines the meaning of Christianity, and also explains how a Christian is expected to live according to Gods calling.It is therefore necessary for people to be ready to follow in the ways of Christ and stick to their calling and giftin g. Some examples have been given explaining how not living according to ones purpose and calling can be very damaging. Followers of Jesus should understand what is required of them and by so doing achieve Gods purpose for their lives (Guinness, 1998). He also identifies how we can understand Gods calling and how we are supposed to respond. It is only through such understanding that we shall have ministers and leaders who are accountable.The 21st Century Pastor by David FisherThe book The 21st Century Pastor by David Fisher gives a balanced and fresh perspective between divine and human elements of ministry. Fishers discussions are full of descriptive practice and experience driven through a Biblical foundation. For instance, the book gives Christological framework based on the words and life of Apostle Paul. The book offers both challenge and encouragement for pastoral ministry by addressing all issues that have never been dealt with (David, 2008). The issues discussed here are impo rtant towards preparation for pastoral work as a student of theology.Fisher begins by discussing the declining position of modern Church in the society today. He explains the need for pastors and ministers to stand up and win the current generation. For example, Fisher emphasizes the advantage of adopting an organizational-driven ministry. In the book, the author proves to the reader how the modern seminary education fails to equip a person and prepare him/her fully for pastoral ministry (David, 2008). Having been in the pastoral practice for over forty years, Fisher David presents his personal experience from his time of study all through his mission as a minister over the forty years. He argues that the p...

Assessing the business performance of Metricum - Free Essay Example

Based in the east of England, Metricum is now a well established international SME founded 28 years ago. Their international activities are complex with manufacturing bases in Sweden and China and a wholly owned subsidiary in Romania from which they source raw materials. Currently the Romanian firm is running at just 20% of capacity, but a great deal of effort is being made to build linkages between the design teams in the U.K and Romania where they have high potential for innovation. Now in the process of restructuring their Romanian operation, Will Hatton, the C.E.O, and his teams are seeking to explore market opportunities in some of the less developed former Eastern Bloc countries such as Ukraine but have identifiable and recognised skills gaps in assessing the market opportunities. They are not sure how to assess the market potential, the competition and the best route to market. There is currently no dedicated Marketing staff within the firm. And all such issues are handled by the Sales manager. 1.0 Assessing and understanding the unfamiliar markets: There are the following ways that we can assess as well as understand the unfamiliar markets. Firstly we have to scan the macro environment (the wider social, political and economic setting in which organisations want to operate) because of increased rate of environmental change. Environmental forces may fluctuate rapidly or slowly but one thing is certain that they are dynamic. Although the future is uncertain but some estimation can be made by scanning and marketers can modify their strategies in response to the dynamic environment. Precaution is better than cure and thus need for scanning arises. The macro environment factors are Political, Economical, Social, Technological and Legal. As Metricum want to enter the other eastern European markets such as Ukraine so we have to first scan the Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Customer, Competitors and Legal Environment. 1.1 Political Environment Political Environment help to determine the degree of government intervenes in the economy. It includes mainly Labour law, environmental law, tax policy, political stability, tariffs and trade restrictions. As we take the example of emerging free market like Ukraine, there are different kind of relationship between government and business. Overlapping responsibilities between different government agencies creates conflicting instruction and policies. Many times we hear that Ukraine government is non transparent. Historically Ukraine has been suffering from corruption. Therefore, companies are forced to seek personal relationships with officers of government for their safety and access to information. For successful business in Ukraine, companies should be adapted to existing communication styles, to some extent, even if you feel like you are compromising your principles. 1.2 Economical Environment Economical environment plays a key role for assessing an unfamiliar market. It includes inflation rate, exchange rates, economic growth and interest rates etc. The costs of exporting goods and the supply and price of imported goods in an economy are being affected by exchange rates. Interest rates affect a firms cost of capital and therefore to what extent a business grows and expands. When inflation rate is high (typically as a result of public finances being out of control), then it is very difficult to take informed decisions for the firms. Therefore, we have to consider these factors minutely while entering in a market. 1.3 Social and Cultural Environment Age distribution, population growth rate, health consciousness, culture, career attitudes and emphasis on safety are the following factors which comes under the Social and cultural environment. The socio cultural environment encapsulates demand and tastes, which vary withÂÂ  fashion, disposable income, and general changes can again provide both opportunities and threats for particularÂÂ  companiesÂÂ  (Thompson, 2002; Pearce and Robinson, 2005). The companys products and their way of doing the business are being affected by social environment. For example, the way of doing business in Ukraine is very different from other countries including the U.S.A, England, Germany and other northern and central European countries. Foreigners in Ukraine find that it is too late are the norm for the Ukrainians. Arriving five minutes late to a meeting or a meeting is usually considered a perfectly fine. There are also some fundamental differences between Ukraine and western culture. Western cultures are more inclined towards Individualism and rely somewhat on teams while Ukraine is totally opposite. 1.4 Technological factors: Environmental aspects such as Research and Development activity, technology incentives, automation, and the rate of technological change and ecological aspects are the following factors which should be considered while assessing an unfamiliar market. They influence outsourcing decisions, barriers to entry and minimum efficient production level. Furthermore, the technology pillar measures the agility with which an economy adopts existing technologies to enhance the productivity of its industries. 1.5 Market size: Market size is also one of the main factors while assessing an unfamiliar market because size of the market affects productivity, large markets help the firm in exploiting the large economy of scale. Due to globalisation, international markets have become a substitute for domestic markets, especially for small countries. By including both domestic and foreign markets in the measure of market size, it also avoids discriminating against geographic areas such as European Union that are broken into many countries, but have one common market. 1.6 Legal Environment: Legal factors can affect the company operations, product costs and demand for products. Health and safety law, consumer law, discrimination law, employment law and antitrust law etc are the following factors have to examine while assessing an unfamiliar market. 1.7 Competitor Analysis: Sun Tzu (see Clavell, 1981, for a lucid and readable translation), the great fourth-century BC Chinese general, Encapsulated the importance of competitor analysis: If you know your enemy as you know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory you gain you will suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle. By doing competitor analysis we can easily know about the strengths and weaknesses of current and potential competitors. It also helps in determining the threats and opportunities which underlying in the market. There are following steps by which we can do competitor analysis. First we should know about our industry scope and nature. What are the key success factors in our industry then we should know who the competitors are, what their strength and weakness and rank each competitors according to their or industry success factors. 2.0 Internal Skills and Knowledge Base of the Company: For building Internal skills and Knowledge base of the company we must know about the organisations resources (its assets, capabilities and competencies), although we should recognize both existing and potential resources. This is the base from which organisations build a competitive position, and any marketing strategy that is not grounded in these realities faces two major risks. First, it may ignore those resources that could provide a unique differentiation in the customers eyes. Second, it may rely for success on resources and an ability that is does not have or cannot acquire. These strategies will inevitably fail at the implementation stage. Fig 1.1 This is shown schematically in Figure 1.1, starting from the most general issues and moving progressively to the more specific. 2.1 Understanding organisational capabilities While any organizations could produce a long list of the resources at its disposal, what is important is to identify those resources that can help create competitive advantage, and ideally that can be sustained into the foreseeable future. The resources that will most likely create advantage have a number of key characteristics. First, they enable the provision of competitively superior value to customers (Barney, 1991, 1997; Slater, 1997). Second they are resistant to duplication by competitors (Dierickx and Cool, 1989; Reed and DeFillippi, 1990; Hall, 1992, 1993). Third, their value can be appropriated by the organization (Kay, 1993; Collis and Montgomery, 1985). From the above it is clear that resources such as brand equity, relationships with customers, effective distribution networks, and the competitive position occupied, are potentially significant advantage generating resources. These have been termed marketing resources as they relate directly marketing activities and a re directly leveraged in the marketplace. There are many marketing resources which are intangible in nature such as a firm enjoying the resource of close relationships with key customers might be more difficult for a competitor to copy than one offering cut price bargains. By building these resources we have to be very careful that either these resources are contributing to the creation of sustainable competitive advantage for the organization or not? Where it does, or it could be leveraged to, the resources should be recognized as the source of a superior marketing strategy and protected from external recognition and internal myopia. 2.2 The resource based view of the firm While assets are one type of resource in the RBV of the firm, capabilities or competencies are the other. This refers to the abilities of an enterprise to organise, manage co-ordinate or undertake specific sets of activities (Teece et al., 1992). In essence, capabilities refer to a firms ability deploy assets through organisational processes to achieve a desired result. There are two ways we can assess the capabilities. Firstly, these are strategic, functional or operational. Secondly capabilities may lie with individuals, with group, or at the corporate level Strategic capabilities include issues such as dominant logic or orientation guiding management (which will strongly influence strategic direction), the ability of the organisation to learn (to acquire, assimilate and act on information), and the ability of senior managers tto manage the implementation of strategy. Functional capabilities lie in the execution of functional tasks. These include marketing capabilities, financial management capabilities and operations management capabilities. These have been usefully categorised by Day (1994) as inside-out, outside-in and spanning capabilities. Operational capabilities are concerned with undertaking individual line tasks, such as operating machinery, the application of information systems and completion of order processing. Individual competencies are the skills and abilities of individuals within the organisation. They include the ability of the individual to analyse critically and assess a given situation (whether this is a CEO assessing a strategic problem, or the shop floor worker assessing the impact of a machine failure). Group competencies are where individual abilities come together in teams or ad hoc, informal, task-related teams. While the abilities of individuals are important, so too is their ability to work constructively together. Corporate-level competencies relate to the abilities of the firm as a whole to undertake stra tegic, functional or operational tasks. This could include the ability of the firm to internalise learning, so that critical information is not held by individuals but is shared throughout the firm. 2.3 Auditing Resources: Assessing an organisations capabilities in terms of its specific strengths and weaknesses commences with a thorough audit of the resources of the organisation that can be brought to bear in the marketplace. The assessment needs to go about a mere listing of resources to identify those resources that make the organisation strategically distinct from its competitors. For these purposes the marketing audit (see Kotler et al., 1989 for a classic description) has been suggested as a systematic approach to assessing marketing resources and their utilisation within the organisation. Strengths and weakness exist, however, only in relation to the tasks the organisation is seeking to achieve, the priorities of customers and the capabilities of competitors (see Piercy, 1997). These analyses should help to identify the distinctive competencies of the organisation in a practical way and the core weaknesses inherent in its current operations and activities (see Prahalad and Hamel, 1990) Th ere are some other resources which Metricum have to assess so that they can build the internal resources and knowledge base of the company to allow them to do things effectively and efficiently. These are technical resources, financial standing, organisations, managerial skills and information systems. Technical skill is one of the key resources in a world of rapidly changing technology. This involves the ability of the organisation to develop new processes and products through research and development, which can be utilised in the marketplace. A second important resource in the organisation is financial standing which help in deciding its scope for action and ability to put its strategies into operation. For example, in 1997 Microsoft was reported as holding $7 billion in cash reserves available for investments in new projects such as developing Internet-based products and services, and partnership with Comcast to develop interactive and video services (Economist, 14 June 199 7). Managerial skills in the widest possible sense are a further resource of the organisation. The experience of managers and the way in which they discharge their duties and motivate their staff have a major impact on corporate performance. Organisation structure is one of the valuable assets or resources. Some structures, such as matrix organisation, are designed to facilitate wide use of skills throughout the organisation. For organising the marketing effort product management, as pioneered by Procter and Gamble in the early years of the last century, has proved particularly successful in developing brand champions. 2.4 Assessing marketing capabilities: The resource based perspective, and particularly relating this to marketing activities (Moller and Anttila, 1987; day, 1994, Hooley et al., 1998), provides a basis for defining the key marketing capabilities that can be used to create competitive advantage (see Figure 1.2). These capabilities all stem from the central pro cesses with which marketing is concerned. Figure 1.2 Key marketing capabilities 2.5 Developing and exploiting Resources With the emphasis above has been on identifying existing resources organisations also need to ensure they are developing and nurturing the resources that will be required in the future. This involves a degree of forecasting how markets and customers will change over the time. Figure 1.3 shows four strategies for development Figure 1.3 Next generation Diversified opportunities Fill the gaps Exploit current skills Organisational Resources New Existing Existing New Market and Customers In the lower left quadrant the focus is on utilising existing resources as effectively as possible in existing markets. The Fill the gaps strategy involves looking for better ways of serving existing customers, using the existing strengths of the organisation In the top left quadrant the organisation retains its focus on existing markets and customers but recognises that the resources it will need to serve them in the future will need to change this requires the next generation of resources to be built and nurtured.. In the bottom right quadrant the organisations seeks new market and customers where it can exploit current skills more effectively. This quest for new customers, or new markets, is, however, guided by the existing capabilities of the organisation. The acquisition of the U.K retailer Asda by the American firm Wal-Mart is a case point. This enabled Wal-Mart to further exploit its merchandising and purchasing capabilities in the new markets of the U.K. Finally at top right the organisations looks to serve new customers with new resources through diversified opportunities. This option takes the organisation simultaneously away from its existing markets and its existing resources- a more risky strategy and one that should not be pursued lightly. Firms that go this route often do so through acquisition or merger. In short, Metricum have to think how competencies and capabilities are understood, but noted that companys focus on competition positioning (i.e. the choice of target markets and the competitive advantage exploited) provides a mechanism for reconciling the internal focus on competencies and resources with the external focus demanded by market orientation. The practical reality faced in building robust marketing strategies is that each company has its own unique strengths and weaknesses with respect to the competition and its own distinctive competence. While the overarching imperative is customer focus, a key factor for competin g successfully in ever more competitive markets is to recognise these factors and utilise them to the full. At a fundamental level each organisation needs to understand its core competencies and its resource base. These are the particular skills and processes at which the company excels, and that can produce the next generation of product and services. At the next level the organisation should be aware of its exploitable marketing assets. The asset-based marketing approach encourages organisations to examine systematically their current and potential assets in the market place and to select those for emphasis where they have, ideally, a defensible uniqueness. Assets build up in the market place with customers are less prone to attack by competitors than low prices or easily imitated technologies. Combined, these different perspectives come together in the assessment of the critical marketing resources of the firm. 3.0 Developing an appropriate market entry strategy The decision of how to enter a foreign market can have a significant impact on the results. Expansion into foreign markets can be achieved via the following mechanisms: Exporting, Turnkey Contracts, Licensing, Franchising, Joint Venture and Wholly owned subsidiaries. Exporting: Exporting is one of the strategies to enter in a foreign market. There are following conditions which favour the export mode such as the country who have limited sales potential or little product adaptation require. Secondly liberal policies and high political risk are also favouring this mode. Third, the country which has high production costs. There are following advantages and disadvantages of this entry mode. The first advantage is it minimise the risk and investment cost. Second, it is of the quick way to entry in a market. Third, it helps in realizing the locations and experience curve economies. But if we talk about disadvantages these are trade barriers, transport costs, limited access to local information, problem with local marketing agents etc Turnkey contracts: Turnkey is not very popular way to enter in a foreign market because it creates efficient competitors and have lack of long-term market presence. But it has one advantage i.e. it has ability to earn returns from process technology skills in countries where FDI is restricted. Licensing: Licensing is also one of the ways to enter in a foreign market. There are many conditions which favour this route. These are import and investment barriers, legal protection possible in target environment, low sales potential in target country. Licensing helps in minimising the risk as well as getting the high return on investment. Its also help in quick entry. But there are many disadvantages also like lack of control overuse of assets. The company which are Licensee may become competitor many times. Licensing period is also limited and knowledge spillovers generally. Franchising: Franchising is also one of the popular ways to enter in a foreign market. The main condition which favours this mode is low development costs and risks. But it has also so many disadvantages i.e. it helpless to control over technology. By franchising, company does not able to realize location, experience curve economies and global strategic coordination. Joint venture: Joint Venture is one the most famous and successful method to enter in a foreign market. There are hundreds of companies which follow this strategy. Most of the successful companies have adopted this strategy. There are so many conditions which favour these routes. By this mode companies can easily enter in those countries which have import barrier problem, large cultural distance, high sales potential, some political risk and assets not are fairly priced, government is having restrictions on foreign ownership where local company can provide skills, resources, distribution network, brand name, etc. Joint venture is also having following advantages like it help in overcomes ownership restriction and cultural distance and combining resources of two companies. Its also help in those countries where less investment require, more potential for learning and can view as insider. But it also has some disadvantages like it is very difficult to manage and control. It has greater risk than exporting and licensing and sometimes partner becomes a competitor. Wholly owned subsidiaries: Wholly owned subsidiaries are also one of the main strategies to enter in a foreign market. This strategy generally adopted by those companies which are high cash rich. Import barriers, small cultural distance, not fairly priced assets and low political risk are the conditions which favour the most. It helps in viewing as an insider in the country and it also minimise the knowledge spillover. By establishing a wholly owned subsidiary company can have greater knowledge of local market and can better apply specialized skills. But this entry mode is highly risky as compare to other modes. It requires more resources and commitment. Suggested Strategy for Metricum: As Metricum manufacture materials handling equipment and intelligent handling solutions. Therefore for entering in the other market it require high cost and company is not sure how to assess the market potential, the competitors and the best route to market. To overcome these types of problems, company should use Joint Venture route to enter in a foreign market as most of the companies do like General Electric, Tesco and 3M etc. In the joint venture, there are following advantages like Market Entry, risk/reward sharing, technology sharing and joint product development, and conforming to government regulations. Other benefits include political connections and distribution channel access that may depend on relationships. As they are looking at international markets, they should realised that the best opportunities were not in established markets, such as those in North America and Western Europe, where strong local competitors already existed, but in the emerging markets of Easter n Europe like Ukraine where there are few capable competitors but strong underlying growth trends. Otherwise Metricum can uses its Exports Strategy to establish an initial presence in a foreign market, only building foreign production facilities once sales volume rises to a level that justifies local production. The export strategy is build around simple principles. One is known as FIDO, which stands for First in (to a new market) Defeat others. The essence of FIDO is to gain advantage over other exporters by getting into a market first and learning about that country and how to sell there before others do. Secondly they can follow the other principle like make a little, sell a little which is idea of entering on a small scale with a very modest investment and pushing one basic product. Once Metricum believes that they have learned enough about the market to reduce the risk of failure to reasonable levels, then they can add additional products. Third, they can hire the loca l employees to sell the firms products. The company normally sets up a local sales subsidiary to handle its export activities in a country. It then staffs this subsidiary with local hires because it believes they are likely to have a much better idea of how to sell in their own country as compare to expatriates. 4.0 Building a global strategy Another common practice is to formulate global strategies plans for the Joint Venture, export and eventual overseas production of its products. Within the context of above discussed plans, company should gives local managers considerable autonomy to find the best way to sell the products within their country. For example when the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. (3M) first exported its Post-it Notes, it planned to sample the daylights out of the product, but it also told local managers to find the best way of doing this. Local manager hired office cleaning crews to pass out the samples in Great Britain and Germany; in Italy, office products distributors were used to pass out free samples; while in Malaysia, local managers employed young women to go from office to office handling out samples. In typical 3M fashion, when the volume of Post-it Notes was sufficient to justify it, exports from their own country were replaced by local production. And in the case of Joint Venture , when the venture becomes established, company can increase its ownership stake in its partner. Some other Resources Requirement Dedicated marketing staff is one of the main problems Metricum is facing so first challenge was the lack of staff skilled in the business of exporting. Its very difficult to build an international business without in-house expertise in the basic mechanics of exporting. So Metricum needed people who understand the nuts and bolts of exporting- letter of credit, payment terms, bill of lading, and so on. Second, long-term perspective that is often necessary to build a successful international business. Building long-term personal relationships with potential foreign customers is often the key to getting business. Even with such efforts, however, the business may not come quickly. Meeting with potential foreign customers yields no direct business 90% of the time, although it often yields benefits in terms of competitive information and relationship building.

Family Health Assessment - 1196 Words

Running head: FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMEN Family Health Assessment Open-Minded, Family Focused Questions: I interviewed my dad on all11 Functional Health Patters. Values, health perception: 1. Do you have any past medical history like surgery or chronic illness? 2. Do you use tobacco, alcohol or drugs? 3. Are you taking any prescription/nonprescription medications? 4. What religion are you? 5. Is there any religious restrictions or practices? Nutrition: 1. Are you in any kind of diet? 2. Do you take any vitamins/supplements? 3. Do you have any difficulty swallowing? Sleep/Rest: 1. How many hours do you sleep? 2. Do you take any medication to sleep? 3. Do you have any sleep apnea? Elimination: 1. How often do you have†¦show more content†¦Health Perception is asking patient about their past medical history such as past surgery, illnesses, chronic disease, Immunization, use of tobacco, alcohol or drugs. Does patient take any prescription/nonprescription drugs and do they have any allergy to medicine. Knowing patients religion and religion restriction can be very useful to the nurse. As a nurse always good to know patients height and weight. When it comes to nutrition some patients have some diet restrictions. For example low cholesterol, low sodium, diabetic diet. There are patients with decreased appetite unable to tolerate food due to decreased taste or some health condition. Nutrition can affect a person health if a person has swallowing or chewing difficulties. In this case tube feeding is required. When assessing a patient, nurses ask patient about their bowel habits. How often does he/she move their bowel. Do they have diarrhea, constipation. Bladder habits are they able to urinate or they have incontinence. Exercise is a good way to stay healthy. If a person is unable to do any kind of exercise daily their body becomes weak. Sleeping habits are not same for everyone. Some people have to take medication to fall asleep. Some have to watch television, read, listen to music and drink warm liquid like milk to fall asleep. When doing a cognitive assessment on a patient nurses look for how alert is the patient, is he/she drowsy or lethargic. How is the patient’sShow MoreRelatedFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family is so important in the society and it is a blessing from God. Healthy behaviors learn from within the family and family member’s stimulus one to each other with health promotion practices. There fore, the health behaviors are very essential in the family assessment and which notifies health-promotion and disease-prevention. Within families, members will be the first one to learn about to promoting health. Families have impact on children’s lifestyle choices. The AmericanRead MoreFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment1884 Words   |  8 Pages Family Health Assessment The family assessment involves a simultaneous data collection on individual family members or if able the whole family. The nurses and other healthcare professionals interview individuals and family as a whole to understand and assess the health of the family. This interview help professionals detecting the possible origin or factors contributes to the family’s health problems. The Gordon’s functional health pattern will be used as a model to collect and organizeRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1252 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment A family health assessment is an important tool in formulating a health care plan for a family. This paper will discuss the nurse’s role in family assessment and how this task is performed. A nurse has an important role in health promotion. To perform these tasks the author has chosen a nuclear family. By the use of family focused open ended questions, 11 functional health patterns were covered. This principle is known as the Gordon’s functional health patterns.Read MoreFamily Health Assessment1375 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Using Gordon’s functional health patterns to assess a family will guide the nurse in developing a comprehensive nursing assessment that is holistic in nature. Gordon’s functional health patterns are founded on 11 principles that are incorporated within the nursing practice. These 11 principles serve as a framework for a thorough nursing assessment in which to build a holistic and individual family care plan (Grand Canyon University, 2011). The author has developed family-focusedRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1150 Words   |  5 Pagesremember the family has an important role in the paradigm of health promotion for the patient. The roles in which the family plays in assisting the patient and providing care are crucial to the health of the patient and the well being of the family as a whole. One tool to assess not only a patient and their views on different aspects of health, but an entire family or even community is Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns. This as sessment tool incorporates eleven topics of health patterns. Health patternsRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1461 Words   |  6 PagesHeritage Assessment: Evaluation of families, cultures and views on health Anniemae Stubbs Grand Canyon University Culture and Cultural Competency in Health Promotion NURS 429 Professor Alma Celaya June 19, 2016 Heritage Assessment: Evaluation of families , cultures and views on health Cultural Heritage is a concept that is passed on from one generation to the next that depicts how people live, act, behave, or think. It can be a noticeable or vague manifestation. It includes various customsRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1085 Words   |  5 PagesFAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT This assessment was conducted after interviewing the Nelson family using Gordon’s functional health pattern. Marjorie Gordon developed a method to be used by nurses in the nursing process to provide a comprehensive nursing assessment. It includes eleven principles for the collection of data and helps the nurse identify two or more wellness nursing diagnoses. It is a systematic and standardized approach to data collection (â€Å"functional health† n.d.)Read MoreHealth Assessment Of Families And Their Health1399 Words   |  6 PagesHealth is directly related to the activities in which we participate in, the food we eat, and the substances to which we are exposed to daily. Where we live and work, our gender, age, and genetic makeup also impact our health. (Nies, 2011) Assessments of family’s health are to help focus on the control and prevention of diseases. Health assessment assist in determining an individual’s perception of their quality of life along with the family’s perception as a whole. This also helps to define a person’sRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1465 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family health and wellness can be influenced by many factors such as society, culture, religion, and family members. Somehow, society, culture, religion and families are connected to each other. To understand an individual, it’s important to understand the family system of an individual. Health practices, whether effective or ineffective, are activities performed by individuals or families as a whole to promote health and prevent disease (Edelman, 2010). A family healthRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1537 Words   |  7 PagesFamily Health Assessment Melody Moore Grand Canyon University NRS-429V Instructor: Renita Holmes May 10th 2013 Family Health Assessment A comprehensive family assessment provides a foundation to promote family health (Edelmanamp;Mandle, 2011).Gordon’s functional health patterns is a method developed by Marjorie Gordon in 1987 in which she proposed functional health patterns as a guide to establishing a comprehensive data base.(Kriegleramp;Harton,1992).Gordon’s eleven functional health

Variations in the Experience of Depression - 1302 Words

Gender Differences in Depression This focus elaborates the place of gender in determining depression levels. It states that females experience twice as much depression as men. This is as a result of social forces and cognitive behavioral differences between women and men. The focus notes that women in communities with distinct traditional gender roles tend to have higher stress levels than societies where there are no major divides between gender roles. There are various factors that cause women to have higher stress levels than men: First, girls experience more childhood sexual violence than boys, secondly, in adulthood, women are at a higher risk of being exposed to stressors such as poverty than men, thirdly, acceptance of social roles hit hard on women; for example, girls worry about their body image and how boys perceive them. Fourthly, social roles hinder women from pursuing their dreams in many communities; lastly, women give high weight to interpersonal relationships such that when the relationships do not work out for them they get disappointed. The issue of women experiencing higher incidence of depression is real. This is because of the natural differences that make women the weaker sex; this makes them mores susceptible to depression. Moreover, gender disparities imminent in some societies discriminate against women; this discrimination makes them more prone to depression. However, with more and more societies getting civilized and embracing gender equity, theShow MoreRelatedCultural Variation Of Mental Disorders1269 Words   |  6 Pages One of the controversial topics that exist in the field of psychology today is: whether there is more universality than cultural variation in mental disorders. Some would argue that the specific differences that make up these cultures have an impact on measurement methods, assessment methods, definition of feeling abnormal, etc. They believe different cultures should adopt appropriate techniques in assessing certain mental disorders. Not every culture interacts the same way, shares the same interestsRead MoreMental Health Illnesses Have A Genetic Contribution1534 Words   |  7 Pagesmultitude of genes. Nine of the genes have been linked to depression and twenty for those who suffer from bipolar disorder. With all things considered, there are an abundance of genes still to uncover and scientists state that these genes will be shared within the different conditions. Evidence from the past few years have also suggested that countless mental disorders share common genetic risk factors such as genetic variation associated with depression overlaps with schizophrenia as well as bipolar disorderRead MoreAn Interview With A Social Work Practitioner1243 Words   |  5 Pagesreach out to practitioners with experience in our area of study. My main learning circle topic is depressive disorders and my sub-topic is depressive disorders in elementary aged children. This paper will discuss the information gathered from an informative interview with a social work practitioner wh o has experience in working with children and depression. I conducted an email interview correspondence with Dr. Elizabeth Anthony who has extensive education and experience with youth under 18. Dr. AnthonyRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Social Movement926 Words   |  4 Pages What is neurodiversity? Neurodiversity was brought about by the autistic people in the US in the 1990s. Neurodiversity is where neurological differences are to be recognized and respected as any other human variation. The differences can range from dyspraxia, dyslexia, attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder, dyscalculia, autistic spectrum, tourette syndrome, and etc. It’s coming more of a social movement to advocate the different types of disease. Autistic people are aiming for people withRead MoreMethodological Variations of Facial Expressions With Patients Suffering from Depression: Article Analysis1380 Words   |  6 PagesMethodological variations of facial expressions with patients suffering from the disease of depression Introduction The article is a review which was written by Cecilia Bourke, Katie Douglas and Richard Porter. It was published in the year 2010 in the 44th volume of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry from pages 681 to 696. The research was on the processing of facial expressions of emotion in human beings when faced with depression. The article is a review of several studies onRead MorePerioperative Case Study1302 Words   |  6 Pageson to compare their results to numerous research studies examining the effects of music on heart rate, blood pressure, anxiety and pain. They found that the studies they examined were consistent with their results with some variations (Binns-Turner et al., 2011). The variations were due to differences in a couple of factors such as when the music was played (preoperatively, during operation, postoperatively or perioperatively) in each study and the type of music played for each patient (Binns-TurnerRead MoreThe Mega Marketing Of Depression1448 Wor ds   |  6 Pagesin such a sensitive area it differs from physical illness in the sense that there is no universal symptom for a certain mental illness such as depression, but there are hundreds of symptoms for a mental disorder throughout the world. These inconsistencies based on region can best be explained in Ethan Watters essay titled, The Mega Marketing of Depression in Japan. Watters’ discusses how a pharmaceutical company, GlaxoSmithKline, sponsored a seminar in order to discuss ways to market their antidepressantRead MoreMental Illness Is A Condition That Affects People s Behaviors, Moods, And Thinking1122 Words   |  5 PagesMental illness is a condition that affects people’s behaviors, moods, and thinking. There are many types of mental illnesses like anxiety, depression, dementia, and schizophrenia. 60 million Americans have a mental illness. Mental illness affects one out of four adults and one out of five children. Most mental illnesses can be helped w ith therapy or medicine, unfortunalty most cannot be cured. Most people with a mental illness do not seek treatment and live with this illness everyday of their livesRead MoreThe Cultural And Socio Economic Context1457 Words   |  6 Pagesrates and experiences of the disorder, reflecting their different cultural and socio-economic context. Gotlib Hammen, (2002) propose a noticeable and explicit pattern that seems to continuously emerge is that depression appears to occur much more in western cultures (US, Canada, UK, Holland) than in Asian (Japan, Taiwan, China) cultures. Such differences in rates of depression have been attributed to a number of factors such as differences in the amount of humiliation attached to depression (AsianRead MoreDepression in Our Youth682 Words   |  3 PagesMany teenagers and adolescents experience major depression in America today. True depression is the effect of a chemical imbalance in the brain that cannot be helped. It can also be caused by a c ertain traumatic event or a bunch of smaller negative events. The third leading cause of death with teenagers is suicide, caused from major depression. Teenagers suffer from depression for various reasons; including difficulties in school, peer-pressure, troubles with their home life, or relationship issues

A Health Promotion Strategy Is Responsible For Managing...

Summary Edith Cowan University Student Health Services ECU Student Health Services provides an abundance of health care facilities and programs at all Campuses. With trained general practitioners (GP), nurses and other allied health services ECU student health services provide a vast range of services to assist students with their health care needs. Some of these services include: †¢ GP consultations; †¢ Sports medicine; †¢ Pre-employment medicals; †¢ Vaccinations/ immunisations; †¢ Contraception and pregnancy †¢ Blood tests; †¢ Nursing; and †¢ Physiotherapy For some years ECU has aimed to provide more than just health care for students that are suffering from illness, and have furthermore developed programs to assist with health†¦show more content†¦Introduction Mental Health The World Health Organization (WHO), 2014 defines Mental Health as â€Å"A state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.† WHO stress’s that general health and wellbeing needs to be contained in constitution and therefore defines health as â€Å"A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Mental health illnesses have significantly adverse impacts on the health of adults, especially on relationships and quality of life. It is therefore important that interventions provide broadly based help for young people suffering with mental illnesses. Mental illnesses affect 26% of 16-24 year olds in 2007, accounting for approximately 671,000 young people within Australia (Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2010). This extremely high number of cases stresses the need for more services within a community based environment where young people can connect with others, and be educated on appropriate action to assist with mental health care, aid with prevention and treatment but also provide alternative approaches to reduce prevalence of mental health illnesses (Sawyer, Arney Baghurst, Clark, Graetz, Kosky, Nurcombe, Patton, Prior, Raphael, Rey, Whaites,

Taking a Look at Organizational Changes - 1435 Words

Organizational Changes Understanding human behavior is vital in the organization in which I work. I work as a supply sergeant for a military police unit, the 233D Military Police Company. The managers and leaders in this organization face many challenges. Throughout the last ten weeks we have gained a plethora of knowledge from the text book, ORGB, by Debra Nelson and James Quick in regards to human behavior in organizations, formal and informal organizations, organizational commitment, influential tactic, goal setting, leadership style, conflict management style, empowerment, performance appraisal, and change management, and several other subjects regarding organizations, management, and anything or one that may affect it. Leadership Styles The leadership styles that best suits the Officer’s and Non-Commissioned Officer’s in my unit is a combination of autocratic and democratic styles. The Lewin, Lippit, and White studies defined the autocratic style as the use of strong, directive actions to control the rules, regulations, activities, and relationships in the work environment and democratic defined as interactions and collaboration with followers to direct work and the work environment. Followers have a high degree of discretionary influence, although the leader has ultimate authority and responsibility (Nelson, Quick 195). Even though the military is made up of a chain of command we as Leaders still have to be mindful that we are dealing with human beings. That manyShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Organizational Change1208 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Organizational change is a systematic step taken by an organization to make sure changes are taking place smoothly and successfully with lasting benefits. Globalization and innovation of technology result in a constantly evolving business environment. Social media and mobile adaptability have revolutionized business and the effect of this is an ever increasing need for change, and therefore changes management. Technology growth effect has increase information availability and accountabilityRead MoreOrganizational Structure Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Structure Introduction In this paper we will be talking about organizational structure and cultures, and what strategies Ken Dailey will have to consider as he starts building on the team concept in the company. We will also talk about how to keep Green River moving forward in the facility and organizing the planning to make them successful. Organizational Structure Organizational structure is a formal relationship between management and the employees. It is a way to motivateRead MoreOrganizational Structure1183 Words   |  5 PagesStructure Pg. 1 Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Organizational Structure By Marlene Seratt AIU MGT322-0702A-05 Concepts in Organizational Behavior Instructor Lionel de Souza Unit 4 Due: 05/26/2007 Structure Pg. 2 Introduction In this paper we will be talking about organizational structure and cultures, and what strategies Ken Dailey will have to consider as he starts buildingRead MoreSynergetic Solutions Report1180 Words   |  5 Pagesreality that change is inevitable. Implementing change however is not as simple as recognizing the need for change. Synergetic Solutions understands the internal and external factors that have required a change to take place, and desire to improve operations but implementing the change can be difficult when met with resistance. Employees and leaders alike must understand, through good communication, the need for change and the road by which to obtain that change successfully. Forces of Change One internalRead MoreOrganizational Leadership : The Baldrige Core Values1615 Words   |  7 Pagesand taking into consideration the Baldridge Core Values, I can see how I have applied these values and concepts to further my educational goals and achievements. By following these values and concepts one can set themselves, as well as their organization, up for success. Visionary leadership â€Å"One of the key tasks of leadership is to give an organization a sense of direction† (Hill, Jones, Schilling, 2015). Organization leaders need to set a clear vison for the company. Organizational leadersRead MoreHuman Resource Management And How Does It Affect An Organization?1510 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects an organization. One, look at how human resource management influence an organizational performance. Next, I will be sharing information on organizational culture, and then the practices of human resource management in an organization. First, taking a look at how HRM influences organizational performances. According to authors Phillips, J and Gully, S., â€Å"human resource management policies and practices add value to organization and influences organizational performances by either improvingRead MoreOrganizational Theory Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesAndrea K. Rivers ORG6503 : Organizational Theories amp; System Instructor: Kathleen Henry September 24, 2011 Introduction The owner of Creative Colors has taking my advice regarding restructuring and downsizing the company. The organization is now operating much more efficiently and has seen revenues begin to climb in its retail stores. With the improving economic climate in the region and the growing strength of the U.S. dollar compared to the Canadian dollar, the owner now sees an opportunityRead MoreOrganizational Culture Is The Key Values, Beliefs And Attitudes Shared By The Members Of An Organization1121 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Culture: Organizational Culture is the key values, beliefs and attitudes shared by the members of an organization. Organizational culture includes an organization s expectations, experiences, philosophy, and values that hold it together, and is expressed in its self-image, inner workings, interactions with the outside world, and expectations for the future. A key source of organizational culture is usually its founder. It can be sustained by creating and spreading organizational storiesRead MoreHistory of Organizational Communication1537 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Field Reflection Paper | What is organizational communication? As a field organizational communication studies exactly what it sounds like the communication in organization. Defining the particulars of this often comes down to the researcher and the perspective that skew their opinions on the field. These subtle differences are why it takes Papa, Daniels and Spiker almost 16 pages to express their definition of their field of study. The organizational experiences of an individual have a hugeRead MoreOrganizational Culture778 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational culture influences many aspects of work life. Workplace cultures that are grounded in strong and formally articulated values and modes of behavior define an organization. Well-communicated values influence employee behavior and drive how employees relate with all stakeholders within the organizationÂâ€"from co-workers, management and members of the board to clients, shareholders and the community at large. When organizations seek to change their culture, HRÂâ€"as change agent and educat or

Biodiesel in Malaysia free essay sample

In the United States, the majority of biodiesel is made from soybean or canola oils, but is also made from waste stream sources such as used cooking oils or animal fats. Biodiesel is a diesel replacement fuel that is manufactured from vegetables oils, recycled cooking greases or oils, or animal fats. History of biodiesel around the World Transesterification of a vegetable oil was conducted as early as 1853 by scientists E. Duffy and J. Patrick, many years before the first diesel engine became functional. Rudolf Diesels prime model, a single 10 ft (3 m) iron cylinder with a flywheel at its base, ran on its own power for the first time in Augsburg, Germany on August 10, 1893. In remembrance of this event, August 10 has been declared International Biodiesel Day. Diesel later demonstrated his engine and received the Grand Prix (highest prize) at the World Fair in Paris, France in 1900. This engine stood as an example of Diesels vision because it was powered by peanut oil a biofuel, though not biodiesel, since it was not transesterified. He believed that the utilization of biomass fuel was the real future of his engine. In a 1912 speech Diesel said, The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today but such oils may become, in the course of time, as important as petroleum and the coal-tar products of the present time. During the 1920s, diesel engine manufacturers altered their engines to utilize the lower viscosity of petrodiesel (a fossil fuel), rather than vegetable oil (a biomass fuel). The petroleum industries were able to make inroads in fuel markets because their fuel was much cheaper to produce than the biomass alternatives. The result, for many years, was a near elimination of the biomass fuel production infrastructure. Only recently have environmental impact concerns and a decreasing cost differential made biomass fuels such as biodiesel a growing alternative. Research into the use of transesterified sunflower oil, and refining it to diesel fuel standards, was initiated in South Africa in 1979. By 1983 the process for producing fuel-quality, engine-tested biodiesel was completed and published internationally.An Austrian company, Gaskoks, obtained the technology from the South African Agricultural Engineers; the company erected the first biodiesel pilot plant in November 1987, and the first industrial-scale plant in April 1989 (with a capacity of 30,000 tons of rapeseed per annum). Throughout the 1990s, plants were opened in many European countries, including the Czech Republic, Germany and Sweden. France launched local production of biodiesel fuel (referred to as diester) from rapeseed oil, which is m ixed into regular diesel fuel at a level of 5%, and into the diesel fuel used by some captive fleets (e. g. public transportation) at a level of 30%. Renault, Peugeot and other manufacturers have certified truck engines for use with up to that level of partial biodiesel; experiments with 50% biodiesel are underway.During the same period, nations in other parts of the world also saw local production of biodiesel starting up: by 1998 the Austrian Biofuels Institute had identified 21 countries with commercial biodiesel projects. 100% Biodiesel is now available at many normal service stations across Europe. In September of 2005 Minnesota became the first U. S. state to mandate that all diesel fuel sold in the state contain part biodiesel, requiring a content of at least 2% biodiesel. History of biodiesel in Malaysia One such fuel, which has been gaining prominence in recent years, is biofuel. Clean and renewable, biofuel has been touted as the answer to the issue of the diminishing of energy reserves. It was led by Yang.Berbahagia Tan Sri Datuk Dr Yusof Basiron, former Director General of MPOB, MPOB has been the pioneer and is at the forefront in researching into palm biodiesel project. Since the 1980s, MPOB in collaboration with the local oil giant, PETRONAS, has begun to develop a patented technology to transform crude palm oil into a viable diesel substitute. This process involves the transesterification of crude palm oil into palm oil methyl esters or palm biodiesel. It has also been successfully demonstrated in a 3000 tonnes per year pilot plant located in the MPOB headquarters. Palm biodiesel has been systematically and exhaustively evaluated as diesel fuel substitute from 1983 to 1994.These included laboratory evaluation, stationary engine testing and field trials on a large number of vehicles including taxis, trucks, passenger cars and buses. Exhaustive field trials with 30 Mercedes Benz of Germany mounted onto passenger buses have been successfully completed with each bus covered 300,000 km, the expected life of the engines. Biodiesel in Malaysia In Malaysia, biodiesel called the Envo Diesel was launched by the Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi on Tuesday 22 March 2006. Malaysia currently produces 500,000 tonnes of biofuel annually and the government hopes to increase this number this year. Envo diesel blends 5% processed palm oil (vegetable oil) with 95% petrodiesel. In contrast, EUs B5 blends 5% methyl ester with 95% petrodiesel.Diesel engine manufacturers prefer the use of palm oil methyl ester blends as diesel engines are designed to handle 5% methyl esters meeting the EN14214 biodiesel standard, which palm oil cannot meet. Malaysia announced that it will build three plants to produce biodiesel from palm oil, as part of efforts to reduce its dependency on foreign oil and increase demand for domestically produced palm oil. Palm biodiesel is set to become a viable alternative to petroleum diesel, Commodities Minister Peter Chin Fah Kui told an international palm oil congress in Kuala Lumpur. Palm biodiesel is attractive when oil is above $43 he added. Crude oil is currently trading around $65 a barrel.With fossil oil fuel becoming lesser and lesser and ultimately depleting the world over, it might be wise for Malaysia to adopt and implement the use of these renewable fuel resources early, as such the national oil company, PETRONAS, must take th e foremost initiative first to tap this resource by making research on the blending palm oil diesel with fossil diesel to the best possible combination so that all diesel engines in this country could start using this blend or just purely palm oil bio-diesel which has been found to be an equally efficient and effective replacement. The initiative will be the first in the world on a national scale, since Malaysia is a gross producer and net exporter of both palm oil and also of fossil oil, there is no disadvantage whether Malaysia export less palm oil or more fossil oil which is value added in the form diesel and petrol. Whether or not it is economical or practical to implement this is purely a matter of policy by the government.If export fossil diesel fuel to be consumed ; used in Malaysia alone including subsidies Malaysia could increase their foreign reserves and offset the opportunity cost created by the palm oil price fluctuation and direct export earnings from palm oil. This policy implementation should be long term and will benefit future generations of Malaysians because palm oil diesel cannot be depleted owing to the fact it is a renewable resource and when in use in diesel engines it will be environmentally friendly. Whereas fossil oil diesel can be depleted and also can cause environmental damage. Th e cost for producing palm oil diesel could be reduced if used cooking oil from big consumers like KFC, Mc Donalds and other fast food chains could contribute used cooking oil for recycling into diesel for consumption by diesel engines.The cost of producing bio-diesel or palm oil diesel could be a fraction compared to producing fossil diesel, as crude or palm oil of the lowest grade such as soap making fats and also palm oil sludge waste could be used and it could be converted easily into bio-diesel for engine consumption on a very large scale and if there is an economy of scale the production cost could be further reduced. much research have been done by others including the King of Thailand; and the results observed have been proven to be viable and positive and therefore Malaysia should pursue this policy of implementation as the first on the national scale to enjoy the economy of scale. In etrol engines, pure bio-ethanol has been found to be an efficient and effective alternative replacement for the petrol fuel or if necessary also by blending both with less of petrol and more of ethanol as engine fuels, the optimum combination ratio to be determined by further research for all types of petrol engines; much research have also been done by others who have found this advantage, recently in china, a province which is a renown corn producer has been successfully producing ethanol from old and outdated stock of corn for consumption by petrol engines in its pure form without blending on large scale, that is consumption by the whole province, they are also burning bio-residues ; wastes from the fermentati ons plants for distilling the alcohol ethanol.Bio-ethanol could be produced by a local company using proven foreign technology on a large scale, by using bio-mass from wood wastes from forest industries, plants wastes from orchard trimmings ; also all types of wastes from sugar, maize, tapioca, palm oil ; rubber plantations ; also from reeds, grass ; rice husks from padi fields; garbage, rubbish and other wastes in the modern waste disposal incinerators could fuel the distilling of the ethanol and also produce electricity if the excess heat could be further harnessed. most of our fossil petrol and fossil diesel to be used ; consumed in the country could then be exported to earn foreign exchange reserves or the fossil oil reserves themselves be preserved for our future generations or whichever way is truly feasible and viable. Savings and conservation of our natural resources and establishing of Malaysia’s own renewable non-depleting alternative resources of fuels could be ach ieved using the two methods said above if implemented by the Malaysian government on a large scale basis could result with whole new industries that could offshoot from these initiatives.These initiatives could be realised to produce and distribute bio-ethanol and palm oil bio-diesel on a large scale, from biomass, made available from the said waste resources mentioned above, this will involve investments of about between US$1 billion to US$10 billion which Malaysia can attract outside investors interested in this program because of the large biomass waste resources available in Malaysia. The end products could even be exported to other countries lacking such resources like for example Singapore at a price cheaper than fossil fuel. Disadvantages of Biodiesel in Malaysia Projects requiring Malaysian and Indonesian palm oil as feedstock have been criticized by some environmental advocates.A Friend of the Earth has published a report asserting that clearance of forests for oil-palm plantations is threatening some of the last habitat of the orangutan. Over the past decade, Malaysia has converted large tracts of tropical rainforest to palm oil plantations on the island of Borneo. Recently, several Malaysian firms were implicated in illegal burning in Indonesia that produced a polluting haze that choked residents of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Malaysias remaining old growth forests are, biologically, some of the richest on the planet and are home to a number of endangered species including forest elephants, rhinos, orangutans, tigers, monkeys, and tapir. The government has been working to encourage ecotourism but still struggles policing its own forests.

Staffing and Training for Global Operations

Question: Discuss about the Staffing and Training for Global Operations. Answer: Introduction: This report consists of critically analyzing the management challenges and strategies that are utilize while staffing and training of employees for global operations. Due to globalization and advancement of Industrial Revolution, it is mandatory for all the companies to go global as most of the businesses face challenges from restricted economic policies and competition. The advancement in the Information Technology and the Telecommunications has rapidly transformed the global business strategies with increasing the dimensions of trade between nations. However, most of the multinational companies have always played a significant role in transporting goods and services across the globe effectively. Thus, when the company goes global and maneuvers in different countries, policies, procedures relating to employee training, employee hiring and staffing are largely affected, and the human resource managers are obligatory to have a sound global perspective of business that will help them t o formulate and implement human resource policies effectively (Beaverstock, 2017). This report consists of addressing the importance of efficiency in the staffing process for a company when the company operates in further countries. The report also explains the critical elements of international human resource management in relative with training, staffing, hiring and compensating an employee. This assessment also highlights the different modes of global staffing in relation with management expertise and the analysis of various factors of global operations (Zhou, 2015). Management Challenge: In modern days, most of the managers of large multinational corporations have realized that the importance of Human Resource practices to make certain the prosperity and competitive advantages of their business operations. There are many challenges that are faced by the organization staffing polices that include difficulty to control discrete operations geographically. Difficulty in finding local managers with best background and experience obtained from non- traditional sources (Kang Shen, 2016). There are various impacts of an organization international activity on human resource that varies according to the distinct stages of internationalization, the universal nature of any particular firm and specific choice of the industry. Moreover, most of the large companies tend to become global on the due course of their business operations because of which the organization existing human resource starts to work in different working conditions globally without any valuable experiences in international operation. Therefore, most of the organization needs to hire, train and maintain employees that are able to work in multinational conditions (Guo, Rammal Dowling, 2016). The organization also retains their talented employees while expanding their business globally. Global staffing has become one of the critical issues of International Management the main reason behind this that there has numerous growing awareness that the success of international business is mainly depended upon recruitment and selection of qualified employees and retaining senior managers. Staffing is one of the most complex procedures of International Trade. The performance of expatriates has become one of the major problems in international firms and the multinational firms are facing rising of cost in both financial and human terms. The need of global staffing and training is increasingly day-to-day due to the demand of multinational corporations to develop multicultural global workforce (Collings, 2014). Strategy: There consists of various policies that are related to strategies and in the various stages of Internalization. These strategies are combination of Ethnocentric, Polycentric, Regeiocentric and all the global considerations. Ethnocentric Approach: Ethnocentric approach is a type of approach when the company hires expatriates to staff their high-level foreign employees. The focus of the company is to use home country nationals to staffs their senior managerial employees post for its international operations. The emphasis of ethnocentric approach is more likely to be used when a company is entering into its internationalization phase or trying to make a strategic expansion. The primary need for this approach is to fill up the gap with key managerial positions with employees from headquarters of the parent country. The employees of parent country are very much familiar with the organizations goals, technologies and policies and all the business operations that provides a great advantage while using this approach (Wach Wojciechowski, 2014). Polycentric Approach: The polycentric approach is a type of approach where the staffing policy and management viewpoint are oriented towards staffing employees with the help of local talent. One of the most advantages of a polycentric approach is that it provides local managers to their organizations. Moreover, a local manager is been able to familiar with business operations and management decisions with local custom, fluency in languages, culture of the people and the cost associated with local managers are less than staffing an expatriates. The firm takes polycentric approach due to the problems of the business such as difficulty in coordinating business activities and the objectives between the subsidiary and the parent company (Neelankavil, 2015). Regeiocentric Approach: In Regeiocentric approach, the firm recruits employees for their international operations based on best in the region and it is done on a regional basis. This staffing approach is a mixture of parent country employees, host country employees and the third country nationals that are used depending upon the precise needs of the organization (Zhou, 2015). The use of this approach is increasing due to the advantage that it reduces the duplication cost of support services and most of the multinational companies are choosing their employees on regional basis (Moller, 2014). Global Approach: The global approach is a type of approach where the staffing method is done when the companys recruits and place the best qualified person into their positions despite of the country the employees belong to. Therefore, by using this approach the business focuses on building a global management team and its employees are free to move towards any geographic area. The global approach initiates in staffing best manages and they are recruited and selected from within or outside of the company. The biggest advantage of the global approach of staffing is that, it includes provision towards great pool of qualified managers and thus it helps to develop and maintain an international executive base (Guo, Rammal Dowling, 2016). References: Beaverstock, J. V. (2017). The Spatial Mobility of Corporate Knowledge: Expatriation, Global Talent, and the World City. InMobilities of Knowledge(pp. 227-246). Springer International Publishing. Collings, D. G. (2014). Integrating global mobility and global talent management: Exploring the challenges and strategic opportunities.Journal of World Business,49(2), 253-261. Guo, Y., Rammal, H. G., Dowling, P. J. (2016). Global Talent Management and Staffing in MNEs: An Introduction to the Edited Volume of International Business and Management. InGlobal Talent Management and Staffing in MNEs(pp. xv-xxiv). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Kang, H., Shen, J. (2016). Global Talent Management: International Staffing Policies and Practices of South Korean Multinationals in China. InGlobal Talent Management and Staffing in MNEs(pp. 25-48). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Mller, T. (2014). Important Selection Criteria for International Assignments. Neelankavil, J. P. (2015).International business research. Routledge. Wach, K., Wojciechowski, L. (2014). The size and the strategic international orientation: the use of eprg model among Polish family and non-family firms.Przedsi?biorczo i Zarz?dzanie,15(7, cz. 1 Firmy Rodzinne-wsp?czesne nurty bada? i praktyki zarz?dzania), 143-156. Zhou, Z. (2015). Global staffing implementations in the chinese mncs.

Pressures of Finding Salvation Essay Example

Pressures of Finding Salvation Essay Chandler Hoffman Professor Turley Writing 150 Section 5 25 September 2012 The Pressures of Finding Salvation Langston Hughes’ story â€Å"Salvation† is one that raises many questions about his life and childhood experiences. Hughes patterns this story to portray the pressures that caused his faith to be lost. Hughes sat on the mourners’ bench waiting for God to save him but, due to these pressures, he chose to stand and pretend that he found his salvation. Pressure is the influences of outside sources that convince you to conform. Hughes undoubtedly felt pressured. He felt pressured to find truth. Hughes ironically lost his faith in God because of an extreme environment, high expectations, and an overly passionate caretaker. Churches are places of worship, and that is how Hughes’ church is in a very extreme and loud way. Praises to the Lord were shouted out at every moment and â€Å"Amens† were given in agreement frequently. Hughes states that, â€Å"Suddenly the whole room broke into a sea of shouting†¦Waves of rejoicing swept the place [and] women leaped in the air† to portray the enthusiasm and the energy that was flowing throughout the room (281). We will write a custom essay sample on Pressures of Finding Salvation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pressures of Finding Salvation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pressures of Finding Salvation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Specific words such as, â€Å"suddenly† and â€Å"rejoicing† show the quick emotional reaction of the church congregation. The environment he was in was capable of great pressure and power. The congregation of the church puts strong emotion into every move they make because of their passion and want â€Å"’to bring the young lambs to the fold’†(280). Hughes places this quote in his story to show how the minister sees them and how Hughes feels they are being treated. They are the â€Å"young lambs† and the â€Å"fold† is the church community and congregation. This congregation was a tight group inviting the children unto their â€Å"fold†. The pressure from Hughes’ environment was part of his downfall towards disbelief in Jesus. Hughes was facing positive peer pressure in a negative way. This means he was being pressured into something that was genuinely good, but it was poorly carried out. Expectations are set so high that any twelve-year-old boy is bound to fail. Hughes said, â€Å"My Aunt told me that when you were saved you saw a light, and something happened to you inside! † (280). Hughes uses this background knowledge to show the expectations of his character and the anticipation that is given to him from his Aunt. Hughes’ Aunt was only trying to help for â€Å"[she] spoke of it days ahead† (280), but in such an extreme environment Hughes could only hope for his expectations to be completed. Auntie Reed was even supported in her claim by â€Å"many old people [saying] the same thing† (280). Much of the reason the reader can tell that the setting takes place in a very extreme environment is because of the figurative language Hughes uses to write. He tells of the church and how â€Å"the whole building rocked with prayer and song† (280). When he states that the building â€Å"rocked† he does not mean it literally rocked. He uses this word to describe the power of the sounds in the room. Another phrase that is used to show the realness that the congregation felt is when â€Å"some of [the girls] jumped up and went to Jesus right away† (280). They did not literally go running into Christ’s arms, this figurative language explains that to the congregation Christ was a real being standing close to them. Hughes states this because it causes one to believe that now, more than ever, he is wanting to gain the same feeling that these young girls have received. These girls were not the only ones who gave Hughes false hope. Auntie Reed was clearly a passionate woman, for she â€Å"knelt at [Hughes’] knees and cried†(281) hoping that he too would feel that same passion towards Christ. It can be inferred that she is the primary care giver of Hughes and raises him to her best ability. Their bond can be assumed to be very similar to a mother-son relationship. Common to most children, Hughes does not want to disappoint his caretaker. He explains himself as â€Å"a big boy of twelve years old† (281) and he thought of himself as mature young man. He gives his age in the beginning of the story, as well, to set the tone and inform the reader of the time in his life that he was currently in. Hughes states that â€Å"[his] aunt sobbed†(281) to show the great desire she had from him to feel the spirit of his salvation and of Christ. Auntie Reed is another example of how positive pressure can be formed into a negative way. Auntie Reed’s words, â€Å"‘Langston, why don’t you come? Why don’t you come and be saved? Oh, Lamb of God! Why don’t you come? ’†(281) ring throughout this short story. Her begging words are what drive Hughes to stand up. Children do not want to disappoint the adults in their life. Hughes places the image of Auntie Reed in the reader’s head to give the sense of emotion and tension. Imagery is used a lot by Hughes in this story. One can easily close his or her eyes and envision an enthusiastic Auntie Reed and the actions she was making while waiting for Hughes to start his own move from the mourners’ bench. Hughes uses words â€Å"ashamed,† (281) â€Å"shouting,† (281) and â€Å"ecstatic† (281) to show the emotion that he felt compared to the emotion that Auntie Reed and the congregation felt. Hughes desired to find his salvation just as equally as the congregation desired him to find it. Although lying is a sin, Hughes found a way that let down no one but himself. Hughes expected to feel the light of Christ when he arrived that night because â€Å"Every night for weeks†¦some very hardened sinners had been brought to Christ† (280) and he expected that same experience to grace him. Hughes sets the reader up with this background knowledge to give him or her the same hope that he might find his salvation. When that did not happen, he wept. That night, for the last time in my life but one†¦I cried. I cried, in bed alone, and couldn’t stop. † (281) He wept for the lie he told, he wept for the false hope he gave his Aunt, he wept because he let down himself, and for the fact that he did not see Jesus and therefore did not believe. Although we do not know what church this story takes place in, Hughes has made it a relatable event. Everyone in this wo rld is pressured, whether it is by friends, family, co-workers, teachers, or even parents, pressure is all around. The choice everyone has to make is whether or not to fall into the trap of this pressure. In â€Å"Salvation,† Hughes faces an extreme environment, high expectations, and an overly passionate caretaker which ironically lead to his disbelief in God. Hughes felt he had not seen Jesus, but the church’s community and environment as well as his Auntie Reed quickly pressured him into rising and deceiving the people he cared for most. That pressure that was put on Hughes led to his downfall and his disbelief in God and Jesus Christ. One then starts to wonder, can he have another chance at finding salvation?